Machine foe forging horseshoe nails



4 'SheetsShee t 1.

(No Model.)

O. R. ELLAGOTT.

MACHINE FOR FORGING HORSESHOE NAILS.

Patented Jan...18, 1887.

FIG.

N PETERS, Fhnio-Lllhggraphur, Washmglnn. D. C.

(No Model.) 4 Sheets-Sheet 2.

O. R. ELLAOOTT.

MACHINE FOR FORGING HORSESHOE' NAILS.

No. 356,391. Patented Jan. 18, 1887.

N. PETERS. Phal rLilhugmplmr. Wilshlngluvl. u. c.

(No Model.) 4 Sheets-Sheef3.

0 R. ELLAGOTT.

MAGHINB FOR FORGING HORSESHOE NAILS.

No. 356,391. PatentedJan. 18, 1887.

Fla. 5

(No Model.) 4 Sheet88heet 4.

G. R. ELLAOOTT. v MACHINE FOR FORGING HORSBSHOE NAILS.

Patented Jan. 18, 1887 Unrrnn STATES PATENT OFF CE.

CHARLES RICE ELLACOTT, OF MONTREAL, QUEBEC, CANADA.

MACHINE FOR FORGING HORSESHOE-NAILS.

SPECIFICATION formingpart of Letters Patent No. 356.391. dated January 18,1887.

Application filed September 13, 1886. Serial No. 213,454. (No model.) Patented in Canada September 29, 1886, No.25,040.

To all whom, it may concern:

Be it known that 1', CHARLES RIcE ELLA- COTT, of the city of Montreal, in the district of Montreal and Province of Quebec, Canada,

5 have invented certain newand useful Improvements in Machines for Forging Horseshoe- Nails; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description of the same.

This invention relates to that class of machines by which the nails are forged from a rod heated in a gas or-similar furnace carried by the frame, and where the rod is fed through the furnace to the dies by mechanism operating automatically.

The improvements consist, mainly, in novel devices and arrangements for feeding the rod to the roller and dies, for delivering graduated blows upon the nail-blank at sides and top, and for cutting off the forged blank at a point underneath the dies and clear of the anvil; but the invention embodies other improved features of construction and novel combina tions of parts, all of which are hereinafter specified in detail.

For full comprehension of my invention reference must be had to the accompanying drawings, forming part of this specification, in which similar letters of reference indicate like 3c parts.

In said drawings, Figure 1 represents a plan of my improved horseshoe-nail-forging machine; Fig. 2, a side elevation of same, partly broken away; Fig. 3, a transverse vertical section on line X X, Fig. 1; Fig. 4, a sectional front view of devices for operating side die; Fig, 5, a detail of the cam for causing side die to deliver graduatedblows; Fig. 5, a detail of eccentric-shaft used therewith; Fig. 6, a sectional detail front view of swinging anvil, its connections, and operating-cam; Fig. 7, a sectional detail side view illustrating top cutter and parts immediately associated therewith; Fig. 8, a detail view, looking at front end of machine, illustrating feeding device; Figs. 9, 10, and 11, details of cams for operating same; Figs. 12 and 13, detail views of nose-piece or guide; and Fig. 14c a detail plan of dies and cutters, showing forged blank when about to be moved into position to be cut off.

The machine thus illustrated, and now about ion b intermeshes. I

to be described in detail, is geared and constructed upon such ascale as that there shall be eleven revolutions of the roller-shaft to one of the cam-shaft, the first five revolutions of 5 the former representing five graduated blows of the roller-hammer upon the blank, (the first of which strikes the extreme end of the rod fed forward at the time of said first revolution,) the next three revolutions, three successive non-graduated blows on the blank, and the last three revolutions are made while the blank is being carried down and cut off. This scale is the one I prefer to use; but I may reduce the number of blows by altering the gearing and 6: changing the size and configuration of my cams, it being apparent that this may be accomplished by the simple exercise of mechanical knowledge, and without departing from my invention.

A is the frame, of suitable weight and configuration, carrying the furnace (not shown) over the space between the feeding devices and the dies, which frame is provided with proper legs or supports.

B is the roller-shaft journaled in standards a a, projecting upward from the frame A, the driving-pulley b and a pinion, I), being mounted on said shaft at one end.

0 is the main or cam shaft, journaled in the 8 frame at its under side and crossing it transversely or parallel with the roller-shaft B. This main shaft 0 has a spur-wheel, c, firmly mounted on one end, and with which the pin 8 The shaft B carries the roller-hammer B, a 5

single small striking-roller, I), being carried on its periphery. A pitman, B is also carried eccentrically by the shaft B, betwe'n the roller and one of the standards, the lower end c of said pitman forming connection by a balland-socket joint (shown by dotted lines) with one arm of a bell-crank lever, D, which works on an eccentric-shaft, E, journaled in a proper box, e, in the frame A, at one side thereof, and at right angles to the transverse shafts B and G. The other and vertical end of the bellcrank lever D is also furnished with a socket, and is connected by a short rod, d, with a ball at both ends, with the side hammer, F, which 1c has also a socket to receive the other end of said rod.

The side hammer, F, carries the moving side die, f, which is properly secured on its upper side, said side hammer being supported on the end of a vibrating arm, E, which eX- tends backward and has its rear end pivoted on a short vertical spindle, F journaled in a projection, a, of the frame A. The position of the side die is immediately under the center of the roller-shaft, and it moves in the direction of the length of said shaft. The sta tionary side die,f, is in line with the moving die, and is secured upon a bed or projection, a", cast in one with or secured to the frame close to one of.the standards a, the screwf", for adjusting said stationary side die longitudinally, passing through said standard.

G is the anvil proper, dovetailed or otherwise sccured to swinging anvilframe G, of somewhat the shape shown in Fig. 6, its rear end being curved upward and pivoted, as shown at G at a point above and to the rear of the roller-shaft, to a standard, a, cast in one with or bolted to the frame A, and its forward end being, by preference, and to insure perfectly steadymotion, bifurcated, and its two arms, yg", furnished with small rollers g g, which work on cams carried by the main shaft 0, to be hereinafter more particularly alluded to.

Between the anvil-frame G and the vibrating arm of the moving die I arrange the top cutter, H, the same being somewhat of hellerank shape and pivoted to lugs a on the frame A. One arm, h, or that which forms the cutter proper, is practically horizontal, and works close up to the side of the swinging anvil and extends forward directly under the dies, while the other arm, h, is vertical, with its lower end pivoted to a horizontal. rod, It, running forward toward the main shaft O, at which forward end it is provided with a small roller, h", which works against a cam on said shaft. The forward end of this rod h is supported by a short bifurcated hanging rod, h, which is pivoted thereto, and also to the frame A, as clearly indicated in Fig. 7.

His a spring, fixed to the frameA and pressing against the arm It to keep the roller h always against its cam.

l is the bottom cutter, (see Fig. 4,) fixed to the front of the bed a", just forward of but below the stationarydie, in such position that the end of the moving top cutterjust clears it in descending.

My improved devices for gripping and feeding the red are shown elearlyin Figs. 1, 2, and 8. They are so constructed and combined with the operating mechanism that there shall be one device to, feed the rod forward, gripping it meanwhile, and one to come into action after the feed has been accomplished and hold the rod firmly while the nail is being forged. The principle of this arrangement I do not claim, broadly, as devices for accomplishing the same purpose are shown in the United {States Patents to Parr, No. 241,413, and Villiams, No. 333,981]

In my machine I provide an extension, A, of the frame A at the front end, and upon this 1 form bearings for two short shafts, i t, the outer ends of which have fixed to them depending links or arms 1' 2', to which in turn are pivoted horizontal rods 1 2", extending toward the cam-shaft O, and provided with small end rollers, i i which impinge upon proper cams mounted on said shaft. The inner ends of the shafts t 2" have rigid projecting fingers i i",which work up against the feetjj ofvertical bars j j the former of which slides in a way formed in a standard, J, rigid on the extension A, and the latter in a similar stand ard, K, carried on a rock shaft, 7c,journaled in the said extension. The vertical bars j j have their top ends turned over and forked, so as partly to encirclethe collars or nutsjj", fastened on the upper ends of the grippingbars J K, which work vertically in ways formed in the standards Jand K, coiled springs J" encircling these gripping'bars, as seen in Fig. 2, and so connected therewith as to keep said bars firmly down upon the nail-rod,which rests upon projections j j, cast in one with the standards. These springs also serve to keep the rollers i i close up to their cams. Upon the standard K is usually secured a guide or eye, 7a, through which the nail-rod is passed. j andj are caps screwed down upon the springs within the standards and serving to regulate their tension, and the collars or nuts jf can be adjusted so as to regulate the height of the gripping-bars, which may, for the introduction of the rod, be raised by any suitable levers or eccentrics, instead of byhand. The rock-shaft-k hasa downwardly-projecting arm, to which is pivoted a horizontal rod, is, provided (as in the case of the rods 2'" P) with a. small roller, 70 which works against a cam on the shaft 0.

K is an adjustable screw or stop passing through the arm k and abutting against the frame of the extension A. This is for the purpose of regulating the length of throw of the oscillating standard K, and thus provide for a variation in feeding forward the nail-rod, should such be required.

Upon the side of the standard J, I aflix a spring, K, the loose end of which presses against the standard K, giving the necessary tension and keeping the roller K close up to its operating cam. K is a guide by which the rods 1'', t", and k are supported near their forward ends.

. The main shaft (3 carries the cams, which I will now describe.

do are cams for operatingagainst the rollers 2%, and thus, through the rods t" i shafts z t, and their described connections at the standards J and K, raising the grippingbars of the feeding devices.

0 is for oscillating the roek-shaft 7c, and thus feeding the nailrod forward to the dies. This acts upon said rock-sh aft through roller k rod k, and arm k c" and c act upon the rollersg g at the ends of the arms 9 g of the swinging anvil-frame G, and cause the anvil carried thereby to rise in a series of successive gradations, thereby causing graduated blows to be delivered upon the nail-blank. Both of these cams are of the same shape, one being shown in detail in Fig. 6, thetwo being only required when the anvilframe has two forward arms.

The cam c impinges on the roller h", and, through the rod If and bell-crank connected therewith, causes the top cutter, H, to descend to cut off the forged nail.

c is the cam which I have shown in Figs. 4 and 5. It is that which causes the moving side die to deliver graduated blows upon the blank, points numbered from 1 to 11 being marked in Fig. 5 to indicate the different positions it assumes in relation to the mechanism connected therewith during the successive revolutions of the roller-shaft. A small roller, Z, on the end of a lever, L, impinges against this cam c, said lever being kept up against same by a spring, Z, attached to the frame. The opposite end of this lever L is bent upward and firmly-fixed on that end of the eccentric-shaft E which is opposite to the journal of the bell-crank lever D. This eccentricshaft is shown in detail in Fig. 5, and in Figs. 1 and 4 in dotted lines.

Upon the extreme endof the shaft 0, and preferably outside of the frame A, are mounted two cams, M N, the former being shaped on its periphery and the latter upon its face, as

seen clearly in the drawings.

O is an arm or lever pivoted at 0 to the extension A", and extending along the front of the frame approximately parallel thereto, 0 being another arm, affixed to or cast in one with O, nearly at right angles thereto, on its forward end being carried a small roller, 0, which works against the face of the cam N, 0 being a retaining-spring therefor. Pivoted to a lug or projection, O", on the arm 0 is another lever, P, running forward over the cam M and bent around in front of the dies, as shown in Figs. 1, 2, and 8. A short vertical spindle, 19, passes up through this lever P, is secured thereto by a nut, and carries at its lower end a small roller 2 which works on the periphery of the cam M, p being its retaining-spring. Upon the forward extremity of this lever P, I form the nose-piece Q, through which thenail-rod is fed to the dies, and to the side of this nose-piece, or upon the end of the lever P, I fasten a spring, R, which is bent up in front of the mouth of said nose-piece in such manner that the nail-rod will rest thereon, and by the tension of said spring the forward end of the rod will be canted or sprung upward after each blow of the hammer and dies, and thus prevented from jamming or sticking.

The operation of my improved horseshoenail-forging machine will be understood from the foregoing and from the drawings by those skilled in'the art; but I may thus further allude to the working of the chief features ofthe invention. Byhaving the anvil-frame pivoted to the rear of and above the center of the roller-shaft I am enabled to swing the anvil down clear of the bottom cutter, I, and thus allow the blank to clear itself before going into position to be cut off, besides materially facilitating the delivery of graduated blows in determining the thickness of the blank. The graduation of blows given by the side moving dieis regulated by the. shape of the cam c, which acts, through the eccentric-shaft E, to adjust the striking position of the. bell-crank lever D, which is oscillated by the pitman B", and in this manner moving the side die, f. The side die and anvil act simultaneously, and the first five blows of the die and the roller-hammer are consequently graduated on the same scale, the next three blows being fixed or non-graduated in each. As before mentioned, while the last three revolutions of the roller-shaft are taking place, the cams M and N, acting upon the levers O and P, cause the point of the latter and the nose-piece to descend, and at the same time move slightly to one side, bringing the forged blank into position, with its head just over the bottom cutter, I, when the top cutter, H, descends and cuts the blank off.immediately below the moving die, the anvil G being meanwhile at its lowest point and the side or moving die forward in the position where'the first graduated blowis given.

To commence upon a fresh blank: Simul taneonsly with the rising of the nose-piece and lever P to the former position, the rock-shaft 7c is operated and the standard K thrown forward and a fresh length forced between the dies, the gripping-bar J then coming down and holding the nail rod while the new blank is being forged. Vhile this is being done, the waves upon the cams M and N, acting upon the rollers of the arms 0 and P, give a slight oscillation to the nose-piece, which prevents the blank from sticking in the dies. At about the seventh revolution of the roller-shaft the standard K rocks backward its gripping-bar rising meanwhile, previous to taking a fresh grip upon the rod, just before the blank is finished.

A machine constructed as above can be run at a very high rate of speed, and will be found to be remarkably free from the evil effects of scale, as none of the parts near the forming mechanism offer any obstruction to its free passage to the floor.

I have previously alluded to the Patent No. 333,984., granted to D. F. Williams, in connection with the devices for gripping and feed- I ing the nail-rod, which devices are, however, only claimed by him in combination with the forging-rollers, the salient feature of his inventiona specific construction which I disclaim.

What I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is as follows:

1. In a horseshoe-nail-forging machine, the combination, with a revolving roller-hammer, a stationary side die, and a moving side die,

of an anvil carried in a pivoted frame and ICO adapted to be raised against the nail-blank by a series of successive gradations, substantially as and for the purpose specified.

2. In a horseshoe-nail-forging machine, the combination, with a revolving roller-hammer, a stationary side die, and a moving side die adapted to deliver a series of graduated side blows upon the blank, of a swinging anvil arranged to rise against said blank by successive gradations coincident with the blows of said side die, substantially as and for'the purpose specified.

3. In a horseshoe-nail-forging machine, the combination,with the frame having a standard to the rear of the roller-shaft, of the anvilframe G,pivotcd to said standard and carrying anvil proper, and a cam acting upon the forward end of said frame to give it a swinging or oscillating vertical motion, suliistantially as and for the purpose described.

4. In a horseshoe-nail-forging machine, the combination, with the dies and anvil and with means for carrying the forged blank, of a sta tionary cutter and a movable cutter adapted to cut oft the blank at a point below the shaping-dies, substantially as and for the purpose specified.

5. In a horseshoe-nailforging machine, the combination, with the shaping-dies and anvil, of a stationary bottom cutter, a pivoted top cutter located underneath the dies and at one side of the anvil, and a cam for operating said pivoted c'utter, substantially as and for the purpose described.

6. In a horscshoenail forgingmachine, the combination, with the shaping-dies, the anvil, and with the top and bottom cutters, arranged substantially as described, of the lever Rearrying nose-guide for the nail-rod, levers O O, and cams M and N, arranged to operate subhammer, the roller shaft, and the pitman, of

the bell-crank lever D,connected loosely with said side hammer and pitman, eccentric-shatt E, and a cam for oscillating said eccentricspecified.

9. In a horseshoe-nail-forging machine, the combination, with a guide for carrying the nail-rod to the forging apparatus, the striking roller b and the vibrating anvil, of the fixed standard J and rocking standard K, bothcarrying vertieally-moving gripping-bars J K, and levers and cams for operating same, substantially in the manner and for the purpose set forth. I

10. The combination, with the fixed standard J and rocking standard K,having projectionsfj and vertically-moving gripping-bars J K, of the vertical barsj j having feetjj, and the shafts 13 and 2', having fingers 1' i and levers and earns for operating same, substantiall y as and for the purpose set forth.

11. The combination,with the bar P, of the nose-piece or guide Q,having spring R in front of and below same and traveling therewith, substantially in the manner and for the purpose specified.

OHARLES RICE ELLACOTT.

Witnesses:

OWEN N. Evans, FRAS. HY. REYNOLDS.

shaft, substantially as and for the purpose 

